Seasonal Changes in Stress Indicators in High Level Football
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Int J Sports Med 2011; 32(4): 259-265
Seasonal Changes in Stress Indicators in High Level Football
O. Faude, M. Kellmann, T. Ammann, R. Schnittker, T. Meyer
Abstract
This study aimed at describing changes in stress and performance indicators throughout a competitive season in high level football. 15 players (19.5±3.0 years, 181±5 cm, 75.7±9.0 kg) competing under professional circumstances were tested at baseline and 3 times during the season 2008/09 (in-season 1, 2, 3). Testing consisted of the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (Total Stress and Recovery score), vertical jump tests (counter movement and drop jump (DJ)), and a maximal ramp-like running test. Average match exposure was higher during a 3-weeks period prior to in-season 3 compared to in-season 1 and 2 (1.5 vs. 1 h/week, p=0.05). Total Stress score was elevated at in-season 1 and 2 compared to baseline (p<0.01) with a further increase at in-season 3 (p<0.03; generalized eta squared (η2g)=0.37). Total Recovery score was decreased at in-season 1 and 3 compared to baseline (p<0.05; η2g=0.21). Maximal running velocity (Vmax) and jumping heights were not significantly affected (η2g≤0.04). Changes in DJ height and Vmax between baseline and in-season 3 were correlated with the corresponding changes in Total Stress score (r=−0.55 and r=−0.61, p<0.03). Usual match exposure during a professional football season does not induce relevant changes in performance indicators. Accumulated stress and a lack of recovery towards the end of a season might be indicated by psychometric deteriorations.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/ejournals/abstract/sportsmed/doi/10.1055/s-0030-1269894
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